BIS: Tsarin Inshora Mai Dogaro da Blockchain don Birane Masu Hikima

Teburin Abubuwan Ciki

1. Gabatarwa

Birane masu hikima suna wakiltar ɗaya daga cikin muhimman ci gaban fasaha a cikin ci gaban birane, suna haɗa na'urorin IoT don sarrafa birni ta atomatik da kuma samar da sabis na cikin gaggawa ga ƴan ƙasa. Sabis na inshora sun zama wani muhimmin sashi na kayayyakin more rayuwa na birane masu hikima, suna taimaka wa ƴan ƙasa rage farashi a lokutan gaggawa. Duk da haka, tsarin inshora na al'ada yana fuskantar manyan kalubale ciki har da wahalar gano magudi, ɓatattun bayanan tarihin inshora, jinkiri a cikin ƙayyadaddun alhaki, da rashin gaskiya a cikin hanyoyin yanke shawara.

Fasahar Blockchain tana ba da mafita mai kyau ga waɗannan kalubalen ta hanyar sifofinta na tsaro, rashin sanin suna, rashin canzawa, da kuma gaskiya. Fasahar ledajar da aka rarraba tana ba da damar tabbatattun ma'amaloli tsakanin nodes masu shiga ba tare da ikon cibiyar sadarwa ba, wanda ya sa ya dace musamman don aikace-aikacen inshora a cikin yanayin birane masu hikima.

2. Tsarin Tsarin

2.1 Abubuwan Tushe

BIS ta kafa cikakkiyar muhalli wanda ya ƙunshi manyan masu ruwa da tsaki guda huɗu: masu gudanar da birane masu hikima, kamfanonin inshora, masu amfani, da na'urori masu auna firikwensin IoT. Tsarin ya ƙirƙiri blockchain na jama'a inda duk mahalarta zasu iya yin hulɗa cikin aminci yayin kiyaye matakan sirri masu dacewa.

Ana gano masu amfani ta hanyar Maɓallan Jama'a (PKs) masu canzawa, suna ba da matakin rashin sanin suna yayin kiyaye lissafi. Na'urori masu auna firikwensin IoT suna tattara bayanan muhalli waɗanda ake adana su a cikin gajimare ko tsare-tsaren ajiya na gida, tare da ba da izinin shiga ga kamfanonin inshora bisa buƙata don tantance alhaki.

2.2 Haɗin Blockchain

Kayayyakin more rayuwa na blockchain suna ba da damar raba tarihin inshora cikin aminci tsakanin masu amfani da masu ba da inshora. Kowane kwangilar inshora, da'awar, da sulhu ana yin rikodin su azaman ma'amala a kan blockchain, suna ƙirƙirar hanyar bincike mara canzawa. Yanayin rarraba blockchain yana tabbatar da cewa babu wata ƙungiya ɗaya da za ta iya sarrafa bayanai don samun kuɗin shiga.

3. Aiwatar da Fasaha

3.1 Tsarin Lissafi

Tsarin BIS yana amfani da ilimin sirri don tabbatar da tsaro da sirri. Hanyar tabbatar da ainihin yana amfani da cryptography na elliptic curve don samarwa maɓalli:

Bari $E$ ya zama madaidaicin elliptic da aka ayyana akan filin iyaka $F_p$ tare da oda na farko $q$. Matsakaicin tushe $G \in E(F_p)$ yana haifar da ƙungiya mai madauki. Ana zaɓar maɓallan sirri na mai amfani ba da gangan ba: $d_A \in [1, q-1]$, tare da madaidaitan maɓallan jama'a: $Q_A = d_A \cdot G$.

Algorithm na tantance alhaki yana amfani da bayanin Bayesian don tantance yuwuwar kuskure dangane da bayanan firikwensi. Don taron $E$ tare da shaida $D$ daga maɓallan firikwensi da yawa, ana ƙididdige yuwuwar alhaki $L$ kamar haka:

$P(L|D) = \frac{P(D|L)P(L)}{P(D|L)P(L) + P(D|\neg L)P(\neg L)}$

inda $P(L)$ shine yuwuwar alhaki na farko, kuma $P(D|L)$ shine yuwuwar lura da shaida $D$ da aka ba da alhaki $L$.

3.2 Ƙirar Algorithm

Algorithm na ainihin ƙayyade alhaki yana aiwatar da hanyoyin bayanai da yawa don tantance da'awar inshora:

function determineLiability(claim, sensorData, historicalData):
    // Fara makin alhaki
    liabilityScore = 0
    
    // Bincika daidaiton bayanan firikwensi
    for sensor in relevantSensors:
        data = getSensorData(sensor, claim.timestamp, claim.location)
        if data.consistentWithClaim(claim):
            liabilityScore += data.confidenceWeight
        else:
            liabilityScore -= data.confidenceWeight
    
    // Duba tsarin tarihi
    userHistory = getUserInsuranceHistory(claim.userPK)
    patternMatch = analyzeHistoricalPatterns(userHistory, claim)
    liabilityScore += patternMatch.score
    
    // Aiwatar da bayanin Bayesian
    priorProbability = calculatePriorProbability(claim.type)
    posteriorProbability = bayesianUpdate(priorProbability, liabilityScore)
    
    return posteriorProbability

function processInsuranceClaim(claim):
    liabilityProbability = determineLiability(claim)
    if liabilityProbability > THRESHOLD:
        approveClaim(claim)
        recordTransaction(claim, "APPROVED")
    else:
        rejectClaim(claim)
        recordTransaction(claim, "REJECTED")

4. Sakamakon Gwaji

Aiwatar da Tabbacin Ra'ayi (POC) ta nuna gagarumin ci gaba fiye da hanyoyin inshora na al'ada. Saitin gwajin ya haɗa da masu amfani 100 da aka kwaikwaya, kamfanonin inshora 5, da maɓallan firikwensin IoT 50 da aka tattara a ko'ina cikin yanayin birni mai hikima.

Ma'aunin Aiki: Sakamakon aiwatarwa ya tabbatar da cewa BIS yana rage jinkirin sarrafa da'awar inshora sosai. Hanyoyin al'ada suna buƙatar matsakaita kwanaki 14.2 don sulhun da'awar, yayin da BIS ta cimma sulhu a cikin kwanaki 2.3 - raguwar lokacin sarrafa kashi 83.8%.

Gano Magudi: Tsarin ya nuna daidaito kashi 94.7% a gano da'awar magudi idan aka kwatanta da kashi 72.3% a cikin tsarin al'ada. Haɗin hanyoyin bayanai da yawa da tabbacin blockchain sun inganta iyawar ganowa.

Ingantaccen Gaskiya: Binciken gamsuwar mai amfani ya nuna ingantacciyar gaskiya kashi 89%, yayin da mahalarta za su iya tabbatar da duk ma'amaloli da yanke shawara ta hanyar mai binciken blockchain.

5. Bincike da Tattaunawa

Tsarin BIS yana wakiltar babban ci gaba a cikin amfani da fasahar blockchain ga ayyukan inshora a cikin birane masu hikima. Ta hanyar haɗa bayanan firikwensin IoT tare da ledajar blockchain mara canzawa, tsarin yana magance muhimman kalubalen da suka addabi samfuran inshora na al'ada. Hanyar fasaha ta yi daidai da sabbin abubuwan da ke faruwa a cikin tsarin rarrabuwa, kama da sababbin abubuwan da aka gani a cikin aikace-aikacen hangen nesa na kwamfuta kamar CycleGAN, wanda ya nuna yadda hanyoyin sadarwa na adawa zasu iya canza bayanai tsakanin yankuna ba tare da misalan biyu ba (Zhu et al., 2017).

Ta fuskar tsaro, BIS tana amfani da maɓallan jama'a masu canzawa waɗanda ke ba da rashin sanin mai amfani yayin kiyaye lissafin tsarin - daidaitaccen tsarin da ke magance matsalolin sirri ba tare da lalata hana magudi ba. Wannan hanyar tana kama da dabarun kiyaye sirri da ake amfani da su a cikin tsarin sirri na zamani, inda kariyar ainihin mai amfani ta fi muhimmanci. Bisa ga bincike daga Ƙaddamarwar Blockchain na IEEE, irin waɗannan hanyoyin suna zama ma'auni a cikin aiwatar da blockchain na kamfani.

Amfani da tsarin na bayanin Bayesian don ƙayyade alhaki yana wakiltar ingantaccen aikace-aikacen hanyoyin ƙididdiga ga sarrafa da'awar inshora. Ta hanyar haɗa shaida daga hanyoyi da yawa ta hanyar lissafi, BIS ta sami mafi daidaito fiye da masu tantancewa na ɗan adam yayin rage lokacin sarrafawa sosai. Wannan hanyar da ke da alaƙa da bayanai tana kama da ci gaban da ake samu a wasu fagage inda koyon injina ke haɓaka hanyoyin yanke shawara.

Idan aka kwatanta da tsarin inshora na al'ada, BIS ya nuna yadda fasahar ledajar da aka rarraba za ta iya canza masana'antu ta hanyar kawar da rashin daidaituwar bayanai da rage dogaro ga hukumomin cibiyar sadarwa. Gaskiyar da ke cikin tsarin blockchain tana gina aminci tsakanin mahalarta, yayin da kwangiloli masu wayo ke sarrafa hanyoyin da a al'ada ke buƙatar sa hannu. Waɗannan fa'idodin sun sanya BIS a matsayin abin koyi ga tsarin inshora na gaba a cikin yanayin birane masu haɗin kai.

Haɗin bayanan IoT yana gabatar da dama da kalubale. Yayin da bayanan firikwensin ke ba da shaida na haƙiƙa don tantance da'awar, shima yana tayar da tambayoyi game da ingancin bayanai, amincin firikwensi, da yuwuwar magudi. Tsarin BIS yana magance waɗannan matsalolin ta hanyar tabbaci da hanyoyi da yawa da kariyar bayanai na sirri.

6. Aikace-aikace na Gaba

Tsarin BIS yana da yuwuwar aikace-aikacen da suka wuce sashin inshora a cikin birane masu hikima. Ci gaba na gaba zai iya haɗawa da:

• Haɗin Kai Tsakanin Masana'antu: Faɗaɗa tsarin don haɗawa da kiwon lafiya, sufuri, da tsarin makamashi don cikakken sarrafa haɗari
• Haɓaka AI: Haɗa algorithms na koyon injina don bincike na annabta da tantance da'awar ta atomatik
• Ma'auni na Ƙasashen Duniya: Haɓaka ma'auni na haɗin kai don ma'amalolin inshora na ketare ta amfani da blockchain
• Yin Bin Ka'idoji: Aiwarar da duba bin ka'idoji ta atomatik ta hanyar kwangiloli masu wayo waɗanda suka dace da canje-canjen ka'idoji
• Ƙananan Inshora: Ba da damar samfuran inshora na biyan kuɗi don ayyukan tattalin arziƙin raba kaya da amfani na dukiya na ɗan lokaci

Hanyoyin bincike sun haɗa da bincika algorithms na sirri masu jure wa ƙidaya don tsaro na dogon lokaci, haɓaka ingantattun hanyoyin yarjejeniya don yanayin ma'amala mai girma, da ƙirƙirar dabarun kiyaye sirri waɗanda ke kiyaye bin ka'idoji yayin kare bayanan mai amfani.

7. Bayanan Littattafai

1. Zhu, J. Y., Park, T., Isola, P., & Efros, A. A. (2017). Unpaired Image-to-Image Translation using Cycle-Consistent Adversarial Networks. Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision.
2. Nakamoto, S. (2008). Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System.
3. IEEE Blockchain Initiative. (2021). Blockchain for Insurance: Use Cases and Implementation Guidelines.
4. Deloitte. (2020). Blockchain in Insurance: A Comprehensive Analysis of Applications and Trends.
5. World Economic Forum. (2019). Blockchain in Insurance: A Catalyst for Innovation and Efficiency.
6. Buterin, V. (2014). A Next-Generation Smart Contract and Decentralized Application Platform.
7. International Data Corporation. (2022). IoT and Blockchain Convergence: Market Analysis and Forecast.